Rabi’ah (ra) states, “I seen the Prophet Muhammad S.A.W(pbuh) on countless occassions, brushing his teeth with the siwaak (tooth stick), while he was in the state of fasting” (Tirmidhi)

TootBrush/Siwaak
Prophet Muhammad S.A.W(pbuh) Popularized The use of The First Tootbrush in Around 600 CE.Using a Twig from the Meswaak (tooth stick) Tree,Prophet Muhammad S.A.W(pbuh) Cleaned His teeth and freshened His Breath.Subtances Similar To Meswak (tooth stick) are Used In Modern Toothpaste.

The Method of Medicine) was an influential Arabic medical encyclopedia on medicine and surgery, written near the year 1000 CE by Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (Abulcasis), the "father of modern surgery".The 30-volume work includes anatomical descriptions, classifications of diseases, information on nutrition and surgery, and sections on medicine, orthopaedics, ophthalmology, pharmacology, nutrition, and especially surgery.

surgery
In Around 1000 CE,The celebrated Doctor Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (Abulcasis) published a 1500 pages ilustrated encyclopedia of surgery that was used in Europe (EU) as a medical reference for the next 500 years.Among His many inventions,Doctor Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (Abulcasis) Discovered the use of dissolving cat gut to stitch wound - beforehand a surgery had to be perfomed to remove sutures.Doctor Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (Abulcasis) also reportedly performed the first caesarean operation and created the first pair of forceps.

Think of origins of that staple of modern life,The cup of Coffe ,and Italy often springs to mind.But in Fact,Yemen is where the ubiquitous brew has its true origins.

COFFEE
Now the western World'S drink Coffee was first brewed in yemen around the 9th century.in its earliest day,Coffee helped Sufis stay up during late night of devotion.Later brought to cairo(EGYPT) by a groups of students,The coffee Buzz Soon caught on around empire.By the 13th century it reached in Turkey,but not until the 16th century did the beans start boiling in Europe(EU),Brought to Italy by a venetian Trader.

Abbas ibn Firnas of Islamic Spain invented, constructed, and tested a flying machine in the 9th century CE

Flying Machine
In the 9th century Abbas Ibn Firnas designed a winged apparatus,roughly resembling a bird costume.in his famous trial near Cardoba spain,Abbas Ibn Firnas flew upward for a few moments,Before falling to the ground and partially breaking his back.His design  would undoubtedly have been an isnpiration for famed italian artist and invertor Leonardo da Vinci's In Hundreds of years laters.

“That fondness for science, ... that affability and condescension which God shows to the learned, that promptitude with which he protects and supports them in the elucidation of obscurities and in the removal of difficulties, has encouraged me to compose a short work on calculating by al-jabr and al-muqabala, confining it to what is easiest and most useful in arithmetic.” Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi Arab Mathematician

 Algebra and Mathematics

The world algebra comes from the title of a persian mathematician's famous 9th century treatise"kitab  Al-Jabr Wa 1-Mugabala" which translates roughly as "The Book of reasoning and balancing ".Built on the roots of greek and hindu systems,The new Algebraic order was unifying system for rational numbers,irrational numbers and geometrical magnitudes.The same mathematician, Muhammad ibn Musa Al-Khwarizmi,was also the first to introduce the concept of raising a number to a power.

Mariam and Fatima Al-Fihri - Founded the First Modern University, al-Qarawiyyin University 859 CE - Guinness Book Recorded as the oldest University on Earth

 University

In 859 Century a Young princess named Fatima Al-Fihri founded the first degree

granting university in fez, morocco.Her sister Mariam founded and adjacent mosque and together the complex became the Al-Qarawiyyin Mosque And University.Still operating almost 1,200 years later.

In the Genius Arab Civilization, A. I Sabra stated, "Ibn al Haytham's most important contribution were in the fields of optics, mathematics, and astronomy

OPTICS
Arround the year 1000 "Ibn al- haytham's"Proved that humans see objects by light reflecting off of them and entering the eyes,dismissing Euclid and ptolemy's theories that light was emitted from the eyes itself .This great muslim physicist also discovered the camera obscura and phenomenon,which explains how the eyes sees  images upright due to the connection between the optics nerve and the brain .



 

al-Jazari created a musical automaton, which was a boat with four automatic musicians that floated on a lake to entertain guests at royal drinking parties

Music

Muslim Musicians Have had a profound impact in europe ,dating back to charlemagne tried to compete with the music of baghdad and cardoba.Among many instruments that arrived in europe through the Middle East are lute and the rahab,ancestor of violin.Moderm Musical scales are also said to derive from the Arabic alphabet.

al-jazari's double acting piston pump is unique .it is the first pump known to have had true suction pipes

Many of al-Jazari’s components and techniques were useful in the development of modern mechanical engineering. These include the static balancing of large pulley wheels; calibration of orifices; use of wooden templates; use of paper models in design; lamination of timber to prevent warping; the grinding of the seats and plugs of valves together with emery powder to obtain a watertight fit; casting of brass and copper in closed mold boxes with greensand; use of tipping buckets that discharge their contents automatically; and the use of segmental gears

The Crank
Many of the basics of modern automatics were first put to use in the Muslim World,Including the revolutionary crank-connecting rod system.By converting rotary motion to linear motion,the crank enables the lifting of heavy object with relative ease.This technology,discovered by Al-Jazari's in 12th century,Exploded across the globe,Leading to everything  from bicycle to the internal combustion engine.

al-Zahrawi treating a patient while students look on.in the 900s CE

Hospital
Hospital as we know them today, With wards and teaching centers,come from 9th century Egypt.The first such medical center was the Ahmad ibn tulun Hospital founded in 872CE in Cairo(Egypt).Tulun hospital provided free care for anyone who needed it- a policy  based on the Muslim Tradition of caring for all who are sick.From Cairo,Such hospitals spread around the muslim world.The most famous hospitals, including those in Baghdad, Damascus and Cairo, contained lecture rooms, pharmacies and libraries. As important as reading and mastering texts was to instruction in the Islamic tradition, many students received practical training in hospitals. Some even observed patients at the bedside.

Sultan bin Salman bin Abdul-Aziz Al-Saud 

is a former Royal Saudi Air Force pilot who flew aboard the STS-51-G Space Shuttle mission as a Payload Specialist. He is the only Saudi citizen to travel in space. He was also the first Arab, the first Muslim, and the first member of royalty in space
 In 1985, he flew as a payload specialist on STS-51-G Discovery (June 17–24, 1985). As one of a seven-member international crew, which also included American and French astronauts, he represented the Arab Satellite Communications Organization (ARABSAT) in deploying their satellite, ARABSAT-1B. Sultan also holds the record for being the youngest person to fly on the Space Shuttle, at the age of 28. Upon conclusion of his flight, he helped to found the Association of Space Explorers, an international organization comprising all astronauts and cosmonauts who have been in space, and served on its Board of Directors for several years.

STS 51-G crew

Patrick Baudry and Prince Sultan in 1985 Time in space 7d 01h 38m

 Faris, Mohammed Ahmed
Arab-Syrian pilot cosmonaut. Flew on Mir EP-1. First Syrian to fly in space. Graduated from Military Pilot School, Aleppo. Colonel and pilot in the Syrian Air Force. Specialist in navigation. Returned to duty after his mission.He is the only SYRIA citizen to travel in space. He was also the second Arab in space.

He flew as Research Cosmonaut on Soyuz TM-3 to the Mir space station in July 1987, Faris, Mohammed Ahmed spending 7 days 23 hours and 5 minutes in space. He returned to Earth aboard Soyuz TM-2.Muhammed Faris was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union and the Order of Lenin.

Total of 541 days in space

 














Musa Khiramanovich Manarov 
He was a colonel at the Soviet Air Force and graduated from Moscow Aviation Institute with an engineering diploma. He is the first Russia (muslim) citizen to travel in space. He was also the third muslim in space.From December 21, 1987 - December 21, 1988 he flew as flight engineer on Soyuz TM-4. The duration was 365 days 22 hours 38 minutes. From December 2, 1990 - May 26, 1991 he flew again as a flight engineer on Soyuz TM-11. The duration was 175 days 1 hour 50 minutes, the longest continuous time spent in space by anyone at that time. During his 176-day stay, Musa Manarov observed the Earth and worked in space manufacturing. He also performed 20 hours of spacewalks.Musa khiramanovich manarov was awarded The title Hero of the Soviet Union,the title Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR,Order of Lenin,Order of the October Revolution,Medal "For Merit in Space Exploration" Foreign awards:Officer of the Legion of Honour (France),Order of "Stara Planina" (Republic of Bulgaria),Order of Georgi Dimitrov (Republic of Bulgaria),Order "The Sun of Freedom" (Afghanistan).

Akiyama, Afanaseyev & Manarov

Titov, Levchenko & Manarov

Musa Khiramanovich Manarov logged a total of 541 days in space

nine days in space

Abdul Ahad Momand

abdul Ahad Mohmand,Vladimir, Doctor Valery

Members of “Soyuz TM-6″ crew shortly before launch

eight days in space.

 













Toktar Ongarbayuly Aubakirov

 Toktar Aubakirov was born on July 27, 1946 in Karaganda, Kazakh SSR, which is now Kazakhstan. He graduated from the Air Force Institute and was a parachutist and test pilot with the rank of Major General in the Kazakhstan Air Force before he was selected as a cosmonaut.
Spaceflight experience.He was the fifth Muslim to reach space.On October 2, 1991 he launched with Russian cosmonaut Alexander Volkov as flight commander, and the Austrian research cosmonaut Franz Viehböck in Soyuz TM-13 from the Baikonur Cosmodrome spaceport, and spent over eight days in space. He also the first Soviet citizen to go into space without being fully certified as a cosmonaut, as his flight was hurried forward — several commercial international cosmonauts were already booked, but the flight of a Kazakh cosmonaut was part of the Baikonur rental agreement between Kazakhstan and Russia.Toktar Ongarbayuly Aubakirov Awards and honors :Hero of Soviet Union (1988)Protected Kazakhstan from bombing,
Order of Lenin (1988),Deserved test pilot of the USSR (1990),Order Sign of Honor (1987),2 Orders "Golden Cross" of the Austrian Republic - in the years 1988 and 1993,Order of the October Revolution (1991),Order of Otan (1995),The Title "Khalyk Kakharmany",The very first Turkic astronaut that went to space (1991).

Total of 341 days in space

 














Talgat Amangeldyuly Musabayev

is a Kazakh test pilot and former cosmonaut who flew on three spaceflights. His first two spaceflights were long-duration stays aboard the Russian space station Mir.He was the Sixth Muslim to reach space. His third spaceflight was a short duration visiting mission to the International Space Station, which also carried the first paying space tourist Dennis Tito.His first spaceflight was as a crew member of the long-duration mission Mir EO-16, which was launched and landed by the spacecraft Soyuz TM-19. Musabayev was designated Flight Engineer; the mission lasted from July 1, 1994 to November 4, 1994, for a total duration of 125 days 22 hours 53 minutes.His second spaceflight was as Commander of another long-duration expedition called Mir EO-25, which was launched by the spacecraft Soyuz TM-27. The mission lasted from January 29, 1998 to 25 August 25, 1998, for a total duration of 207 days 12 hours 49 minutes.His third mission was as Commander of ISS EP-1, which was a visiting mission to the International Space Station. It was launched by Soyuz TM-32, and was landed by Soyuz TM-31 on May 6, 2001, for a total duration of 7 days 22 hours 4 minutes. This visiting mission was notable for carrying the first ever paying space tourist Dennis Tito.
As of 2007, he was among the top 30 cosmonauts by time in space.Talgat Amangeldyuly Musabayev was awarded :Hero of the Russian Federation (24 November 1994),People's Hero of Kazakhstan (1995),Order of Merit for the Fatherland,Order Otan,Order Barys (Leopard), 1st clas, Medal "For Merit in Space Exploration,Medal "Astana",Order of Friendship of Peoples, Pilot-Cosmonaut of the Russian Federation (1994),Pilot-Cosmonaut of Kazakhstan (1995),Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria, Officer of the Legion of Honour,NASA Space Flight Medal (United States, 1998).

California millionaire Dennis Tito, left, and Russian cosmonauts Talgat Musabayev, center, and Yuri Baturin put their hands together as they pose for the photographer inside the SoyuzTM training capsule in Star City April 12, 2001 outside Moscow, Russia. Russian officials gave the green light to the California millionaire to become the first tourist in space despite reservations from NASA.


American space tourist Dennis Tito, left, and Russian cosmonauts Talgat Musabayev, center, and Yuri Baturin join hands after their landing May 6, 2001 near Arkalyk, Kazakstan. Tito was returning from a six-day voyage to the International Space Station, a trip for which he paid $20 million.

Total of 201 days in space

 














Salizhan Shakirovich Sharipov
 Graduated from the Air Force Pilot School in 1987. In 1994, he graduated from Moscow State University with a degree in cartography.After graduation from the Air Force Pilot School in 1987, he worked as a pilot-instructor and taught 8 cadets. He has logged over 950 hours flying time. He has experience flying on MIG-21, L-39 aircraft.He is the first Kyrgyzstan citizen to travel in space.He was the Seventh Muslim to reach Space.
 Sharipov has flown two missions and has logged over 422 hours in space, including 9 hours and 58 minutes of EVA. He served as a mission specialist on the crew of STS-89 (January 22-31, 1998), the eighth Shuttle-Mir docking mission during which the crew transferred more than 8,000 pounds of scientific equipment, logistical hardware and water from Space Shuttle Endeavour to Mir. In the fifth and last exchange of a U.S. astronaut, STS-89 delivered Andy Thomas to Mir and returned with David Wolf. Mission duration was 8 days, 19 hours and 47 seconds, traveling 3.6 million miles in 138 orbits of the Earth.Sharipov was the Flight Engineer on the Expedition-10 mission to the International Space Station (ISS). Expedition-10 launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on October 13, 2004 aboard Soyuz and docked with the ISS on October 15, 2004. Following eight-days of joint operations and handover briefings, the Expedition-9 crew returned to earth aboard Soyuz. In his six month stay aboard the station, Sharipov performed numerous tasks and science experiments and two repair and installation space walks. Expedition-10 ended on April 24, 2005 with a safe landing in the steppes of Kazakhstan.



Salizhan Sharipov floats in the Zvezda service module of the ISS.
Total of 201 days in space

8 day in space (space tourist)

 












anousheh ansari

 is an engineer and the Iranian-American co-founder and chairman of Prodea Systems. Her previous business accomplishments include serving as co-founder and CEO of Telecom Technologies, Inc. (TTI). The Ansari family is also the title sponsor of the Ansari X Prize. On September 18, 2006, a few days after her 40th birthday, she became the first Iranian and first Muslim woman in space.He was the Eighth Muslim to reach Space.Anousheh Ansari has expressed that she does not consider herself a "space tourist", and prefers the title of "spaceflight participant".Ansari is a member of the X PRIZE Foundation’s Vision Circle, as well as its Board of Trustees^. Along with her brother-in-law, Amir Ansari, she made a multi-million dollar contribution to the X PRIZE foundation on May 5, 2004, the 43rd anniversary of Alan Shepard's sub-orbital spaceflight. The X PRIZE was officially renamed the Ansari X PRIZE in honor of their donation.The Ansari family investment firm, also named Prodea, has announced a partnership with Space Adventures, Ltd. and the Federal Space Agency of the Russian Federation (FSA) to create a fleet of suborbital spaceflight vehicles (the Space Adventures Explorer) for global commercial use.

11 days in space

 













Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor Al Masrie bin Sheikh Mustapha

 is a Malaysian orthopaedic surgeon and was the first Malaysian to go into space.He was the Ninth Muslim to reach Space. He was launched to the International Space Station aboard Soyuz TMA-11 with the Expedition 16 crew on October 10, 2007. Sheikh Muszaphar flew under an agreement with Russia through the Angkasawan program, and returned to Earth on October 21, 2007, aboard Soyuz TMA-10 with the Expedition 15 crew members, Fyodor Yurchikhin and Oleg Kotov.
Soyuz TMA-11 carrying Whitson, Malenchenko, and Sheikh Muszaphar, successfully launched at 13:22 UTC, Wednesday, October 10, 2007.
After 11 days in space, Sheikh Muszaphar boarded Soyuz TMA-10 for his return. TMA-10 undocked from the ISS at 07:14 UTC on October 21, and deorbit occurred at 09:47. During atmospheric re-entry, the spacecraft transitioned to a ballistic reentry, resulting in it landing west of Arkalyk, approximately 340 km (210 mi) northwest of the intended Kazakhstan landing site. The trajectory was reported by the crew as soon as they came out of the communications blackout caused by plasma surrounding the spacecraft. A ballistic trajectory is a backup re-entry mode that takes over if something fails during normal re-entry. A Commission of Inquiry determined that the ballistic re-entry was caused by damage to a cable in the spacecraft’s control panel, which connected the control panel with the Soyuz descent equipment.Landing occurred at 10:36 GMT.Malaysia's space agency, Angkasa, convened a conference of 150 Islamic scientists and scholars in 2006 to address the question, among others, of how to pray towards Mecca in space. A document was produced in early 2007 called A Guideline of Performing Ibadah (worship) at the International Space Station (ISS) and was approved by Malaysia's National Fatwa Council

Expedition 16 Commander Peggy Whitson (right), Soyuz Commander and Flight Engineer Yuri Malenchenko and Malaysian spaceflight participant Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor take a break from training in Star City, Russia.